Explanation of charts and graphs | Grade 12 | English 

Introduction

Charts and Graphs are visual representations of data, typically used to make complex information more understandable and accessible. They present data in a graphical format, such as bars, lines, or pie slices, which can help viewers quickly grasp patterns, trends, and relationships in the data.

Uses of charts:

• Visual Representation: Charts and graphs provide a visual representation of data, making it easier to understand complex information at a glance.
• Data Analysis: They help in analysing data by highlighting trends, patterns, and relationships that may not be obvious from the raw data.
• Comparison: Charts and graphs allow for easy comparison between different sets of data, such as comparing sales figures between different months or years.
• Illustration of Concepts: They help in illustrating concepts and theories, making them easier to understand and remember.
• Decision Making: Charts and graphs are often used in decision-making processes, as they provide a clear picture of the data, helping in making informed decisions.
• Presentations: They are commonly used in presentations to make the information more engaging and easier to follow for the audience.

Types of charts:

There are many types of charts, each suitable for different kinds of data and purposes. Here are some common types of charts used:

Bar Chart: 

Uses rectangular bars to represent data values. The length of each bar is proportional to the value it represents. Bar charts are often used to compare data across categories.

Line Chart: 

Uses lines to connect data points. Line charts are useful for showing trends over time or for illustrating the relationship between two variables.

Pie Chart: 

Divides a circle into sectors, with each sector representing a proportion of the whole. Pie charts are good for showing parts of a whole and comparing the sizes of different categories.

Summarise information of graph:

Summarizing information from a graph involves extracting key and trends from the visual representation of data. Here are some steps to effectively summarize information from a graph:

• Title and Axis Labels: Start by identifying the title of the graph and the labels on the x-axis and y-axis. This will give you a general idea of what the graph is about and the variables being compared.
• Data Range: Note the range of data values on the graph. Look for any outliers or extreme values that may skew the overall interpretation.
• Trends and Patterns: Identify any trends or patterns in the data. This could include upward or downward trends, cyclical patterns, or any other recurring features.
• Data Comparison: If the graph compares different datasets or categories, compare the values to see if there are any significant differences or similarities.
• Summary Statistics: Calculate summary statistics such as the mean, median, and standard deviation of the data if applicable. These statistics can help summarize the central tendency and variability of the data.
• Key Observations: Make note of any key observations or insights that the graph reveals. This could include unexpected trends, correlations between variables, or any other noteworthy findings.
• Conclusion: Summarize your findings in a clear and concise manner. State the main takeaway from the graph and any implications or recommendations based on the analysis.

Summarizing information of Graphs in paragraph: [POI]

Q) The following charts shows the popular JavaScript framework used in 2023. Summaries the information of graph in 100 words. 

The survey conducted in 2023 highlights React.js as the dominant JavaScript framework, securing a substantial 34% of the market share. This positions React.js as the frontrunner among its competitors, with Vue.js following closely behind at 32%. Angular secures the third position with a market share of 14%, demonstrating a significant gap between the top two frameworks and the rest.

jQuery and Meteor trail behind with 10% and 8% of the market share, respectively. Aurelia lags significantly with just 2% of the market share, indicating a lower adoption rate compared to other frameworks.

These findings provide a snapshot of the JavaScript framework landscape in 2023. It's important to note that the popularity of these frameworks can fluctuate over time and may vary based on different data sources and collection methodologies. Nonetheless, React.js emerges as the preferred choice among developers in 2023, showcasing its dominance in the JavaScript framework ecosystem.

Q) The following charts shows the total no of std in a collage with different subject interest. Summaries the information of graph in 100 words. 

The pie chart depicts the subject preferences of students at a college, providing a visual representation of the percentage of students interested in each subject. Geography emerges as the most popular subject, with a substantial 25% of students selecting it as their favorite. Following closely behind is Math, chosen by 21% of students, indicating a strong preference for these two subjects among the student body.

History and Computer Science also garner significant interest, with 12% and 8% of students favoring them, respectively. Despite Geography and Math being the top choices, the chart shows that other subjects still have a considerable number of enthusiasts, demonstrating a diverse range of interests among students.

The pie chart reveals that a majority of students (66%) prefer Geography, Math, or Computer Science, highlighting the dominance of these subjects in student preferences. However, it is reassuring to note that 34% of students opt for other subjects, indicating a healthy diversity of interests within the college.

In summary, the chart provides valuable insights into the subject preferences of students at the college, resembling a popularity contest where Geography emerges as the current champion. It underscores the importance of offering a variety of subjects to cater to the diverse interests and preferences of students.