To Prepare H2s Gas And Study Its Properties. | Grade Xi

Preparation of H₂S Gas and Study of its Properties

APPARATUS REQUIRED

1. Hydrogen Sulphide Generator
2. Glass Tube
3. U-Tube
4. Glass Wool
5. Cork Borers
6. Test Tubes
7. Delivery Tube
8. Beaker
9. Dropper
10. Bunsen Burner
11. Safety Goggles

CHEMICALS REQUIRED

1. Iron Sulphide (FeS)
2. Dilute Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)
3. Ammonium Hydroxide Solution (NH₄OH)
4. Potassium Permanganate Solution (KMnO₄)
5. Lead Acetate Solution (Pb(CH₃COO)₂)
6. Lime Water (Ca(OH)₂)

THEORY

Hydrogen sulphide (H₂S) is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs. It is slightly soluble in water and very soluble in organic solvents. H₂S is a weak acid that reacts with bases to form sulfide salts. It is also a reducing agent that can be oxidized to elemental sulfur or sulfate ions.

PROCESS

1. Assemble the hydrogen sulphide generator as shown in the diagram.
2. Add some iron sulphide (FeS) to the generator flask.
3. Slowly add dilute hydrochloric acid (HCl) to the flask.
4. A reaction will occur, producing hydrogen sulphide gas.
5. Collect the gas by bubbling it through a U-tube containing glass wool to remove any impurities.
6. Test the gas for its properties.

OBSERVATIONS

1. The reaction between iron sulphide and hydrochloric acid produces a colorless, flammable gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs.
2. The gas is slightly soluble in water and very soluble in organic solvents.
3. The gas reacts with bases to form sulfide salts.
4. The gas is a reducing agent that can be oxidized to elemental sulfur or sulfate ions.

OBSERVATION TABLE

Test	Observation
Odor	Rotten eggs
Solubility in water	Slightly soluble
Solubility in organic solvents	Very soluble
Reaction with bases	Forms sulfide salts
Reaction with oxidizing agents	Oxidized to elemental sulfur or sulfate ions

CALCULATIONS

The amount of hydrogen sulphide gas produced can be calculated using the following formula:

Volume of H<sub>2</sub>S gas = (Mass of FeS) x (Volume of HCl)

For example, if 10 g of FeS is reacted with 100 mL of HCl, the volume of H₂S gas produced will be:

Volume of H<sub>2</sub>S gas = (10 g) x (100 mL) = 1000 mL

RESULTS

Hydrogen sulphide gas is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas with a strong odor of rotten eggs. It is slightly soluble in water and very soluble in organic solvents. The gas reacts with bases to form sulfide salts and is a reducing agent that can be oxidized to elemental sulfur or sulfate ions.

PRECAUTIONS

1. Hydrogen sulphide gas is toxic and should be handled with care.
2. The experiment should be carried out in a well-ventilated area.
3. Safety goggles should be worn at all times.
4. Do not inhale the gas.
5. If the gas comes into contact with the skin, wash the affected area immediately with soap and water.
6. If the gas is inhaled, seek medical attention immediately.