To Obtain Sand In Pure And Dry State From The Mixture Of Sand And Common Salt. | Grade Xi
0APPARATUS REQUIRED
- Evaporating Dish
- Tripod Stand
- Bunsen Burner
- Filter Paper
- Glass Rod
- Beaker
- Funnel
- Wash Bottle
- Wire Gauze
CHEMICAL REQUIRED
- Mixture of Sand and Common Salt
THEORY
Sand and salt are insoluble in water, so they can be separated by filtration. However, sand is heavier than salt, so it will settle to the bottom of a container when stirred with water. This makes it difficult to filter out all of the salt from the sand.
To obtain sand in a pure and dry state from a mixture of sand and common salt, the mixture is first dissolved in water. The water is then filtered to remove the sand. The sand is then dried in an oven to remove any remaining water.
PROCESS
- Place a mixture of sand and common salt in an evaporating dish.
- Add water to the evaporating dish until the mixture is completely covered.
- Stir the mixture with a glass rod until the salt is dissolved.
- Allow the mixture to settle for a few minutes.
- Place a filter paper in a funnel.
- Pour the mixture through the funnel.
- Rinse the evaporating dish and the funnel with water to remove any remaining salt.
- Dry the sand in an oven at 105°C for 30 minutes.
OBSERVATIONS
- The sand and salt mixture dissolves in water.
- The sand settles to the bottom of the container.
- The water is filtered to remove the sand.
- The sand is dried in an oven to remove any remaining water.
OBSERVATION TABLE
| Observation | Explanation |
|---|---|
| The sand and salt mixture dissolves in water. | The salt is soluble in water, so it dissolves when the mixture is added to water. The sand is insoluble in water, so it remains suspended in the water. |
| The sand settles to the bottom of the container. | The sand is heavier than the salt, so it settles to the bottom of the container. |
| The water is filtered to remove the sand. | The sand is filtered out of the water using a filter paper. |
| The sand is dried in an oven to remove any remaining water. | The sand is dried in an oven to remove any remaining water. |
CALCULATION
The percentage of sand in the mixture can be calculated using the following formula:
% Sand = (Mass of sand / Mass of mixture) x 100
For example, if the mass of the mixture is 100 g and the mass of the sand is 80 g, then the percentage of sand in the mixture is:
% Sand = (80 g / 100 g) x 100 = 80%
RESULTS
The sand was obtained in a pure and dry state from the mixture of sand and common salt. The percentage of sand in the mixture was 80%.
PRECAUTIONS
- Wear gloves and a lab coat when handling chemicals.
- Do not heat the sand to a temperature above 105°C.
- Do not allow the sand to come into contact with open flames.
- Dispose of the chemicals and waste properly.